571 lines
20 KiB
Bash
571 lines
20 KiB
Bash
#!/bin/bash
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set -euo pipefail
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shopt -s nullglob
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ABSOLUTE_SCRIPT_PATH="$(realpath "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")"
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SCRIPT_NAME=$(basename "${ABSOLUTE_SCRIPT_PATH}")
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SCRIPT_DIR_PATH="$(dirname "${ABSOLUTE_SCRIPT_PATH}")"
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# Only set a color if we have an interactive tty
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[[ -t 1 ]] && BOLD=$(tput bold) || BOLD=
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[[ -t 1 ]] && RED=$(tput setaf 1) || RED=
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[[ -t 1 ]] && YELLOW=$(tput setaf 3) || YELLOW=
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[[ -t 1 ]] && NORMAL=$(tput sgr0) || NORMAL=
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DISCLAIMER="${YELLOW}${BOLD}USING THIS SCRIPT IS AT YOUR OWN RISK!
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IT COMES WITHOUT WARRANTY AND IS NOT SUPPORTED BY IXSYSTEMS.${NORMAL}"
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JAILS_DIR_PATH='jails'
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JAIL_ROOTFS_NAME='rootfs'
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JAIL_CONFIG_NAME='config'
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USAGE="${DISCLAIMER}
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Version: 0.0.0
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Usage: ./${SCRIPT_NAME} [COMMAND] [NAME]
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Commands:
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create Create new jail [NAME] in the ${JAILS_DIR_PATH} dir
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start Start jail NAME from the ${JAILS_DIR_PATH} dir
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"
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print() {
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printf '%s\n' "${1-}"
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}
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error() {
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print "${RED}${BOLD}${1}${NORMAL}" >&2
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}
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fail() {
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error "${1}" && exit 1
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}
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stat_chmod() {
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# Only run chmod if mode is different from current mode
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if [[ "$(stat -c%a "${2}")" -ne "${1}" ]]; then chmod "${1}" "${2}"; fi
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}
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[[ -z "${BASH_VERSINFO+x}" ]] && fail 'This script must run in bash...'
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[[ $UID -ne 0 ]] && print "${USAGE}" && fail 'Run this script as root...'
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cd "${SCRIPT_DIR_PATH}" || fail "Could not change working directory to ${SCRIPT_DIR_PATH}..."
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# Set appropriate permissions (if not already set) for this file, since it's executed as root
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stat_chmod 700 "${SCRIPT_NAME}"
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trace() {
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# https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/504829/477308
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print 'Error occurred:'
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awk 'NR>L-4 && NR<L+4 { printf "%-5d%3s%s\n",NR,(NR==L?">>>":""),$0 }' L="${1}" "${ABSOLUTE_SCRIPT_PATH}"
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}
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# Trap errors
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trap 'trace $LINENO' ERR
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#####################
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# START FUNCTIONALITY
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#####################
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start_jail() {
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[[ -z "${1}" ]] && fail 'Please specify the name of the jail to start.'
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local jail_name="${1}"
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local jail_path="${JAILS_DIR_PATH}/${jail_name}"
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local jail_config_path="${jail_path}/${JAIL_CONFIG_NAME}"
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! [[ -f "${jail_config_path}" ]] && fail "ERROR: Could not find: ${jail_config_path}."
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print 'Loading config...'
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local key value
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while read -r line || [ -n "$line" ]; do
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key="${line%%=*}"
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value="${line#*=}"
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case "${key}" in
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"DOCKER_COMPATIBLE") local docker_compatible="${value}" ;;
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"GPU_PASSTHROUGH") local gpu_passthrough="${value}" ;;
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"SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USER_ARGS") local systemd_nspawn_user_args="${value}" ;;
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"SYSTEMD_RUN_DEFAULT_ARGS") local systemd_run_default_args="${value}" ;;
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"SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_DEFAULT_ARGS") local systemd_nspawn_default_args="${value}" ;;
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esac
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done <"${jail_config_path}"
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print 'Config loaded!'
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local systemd_run_additional_args=("--unit=jlmkr-${jail_name}" "--working-directory=./${jail_path}" "--description=My nspawn jail ${jail_name} [created with jailmaker]")
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local systemd_nspawn_additional_args=("--machine=${jail_name}" "--directory=${JAIL_ROOTFS_NAME}")
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if [[ "${docker_compatible}" -eq 1 ]]; then
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# Enable ip forwarding on the host (docker needs it)
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printf 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
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# To properly run docker inside the jail, we need to lift restrictions
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# Without DevicePolicy=auto images with device nodes may not be pulled
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# For example docker pull ljishen/sysbench would fail
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# Fortunately I didn't encounter many images with device nodes...
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#
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# Issue: https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/35245
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#
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# The systemd-nspawn manual explicitly mentions:
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# Device nodes may not be created
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# https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-nspawn.html
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#
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# Workaround: https://github.com/kinvolk/kube-spawn/pull/328
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#
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# However, it seems like the DeviceAllow= workaround may break in
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# a future Debian release with systemd version 250 or higher
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# https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/21987
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#
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# As of 29-1-2023 it still works with debian bookworm (nightly) and sid
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# using the latest systemd version 252.4-2 so I think we're good!
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#
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# Use SYSTEMD_SECCOMP=0: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/18370
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systemd_run_additional_args+=(--setenv=SYSTEMD_SECCOMP=0 --property=DevicePolicy=auto)
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# Add additional flags required for docker
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systemd_nspawn_additional_args+=(--capability=all "--system-call-filter=add_key keyctl bpf")
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# # TODO: don't process these systemd_nspawn_user_args twice,
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# # it is done again below
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# while read -r arg; do
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# # TODO: does --network-macvlan also need this?
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# if [[ "${arg}" == "--network-bridge=*" ]]; then
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# print 'Enable br_netfilter, docker requires it when jail is connected to bridge.'
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# # TODO: figure out what the consequence is when not using br_netfilter
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# # Can these warnings in `docker info` be safely ignored?
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# # WARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled
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# # WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled
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# # https://unix.stackexchange.com/q/720105/477308
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# # https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/24809
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# # https://docs.oracle.com/en/operating-systems/oracle-linux/docker/docker-KnownIssues.html#docker-issues
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# # https://wiki.libvirt.org/page/Net.bridge.bridge-nf-call_and_sysctl.conf
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# # https://serverfault.com/questions/963759/docker-breaks-libvirt-bridge-network
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# modprobe br_netfilter
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# sysctl net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
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# sysctl net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
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# break
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# fi
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# done < <(printf '%s' "${systemd_nspawn_user_args}" | xargs -n 1)
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fi
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if [[ "${gpu_passthrough}" -eq 1 ]]; then
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systemd_nspawn_additional_args+=("--property=DeviceAllow=char-drm rw")
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# Detect intel GPU device and if present add bind flag
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[[ -d /dev/dri ]] && systemd_nspawn_additional_args+=(--bind=/dev/dri)
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# Detect nvidia GPU
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if [[ -d /dev/nvidia ]]; then
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# Mount the nvidia driver files, so we are always in sync with the host
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while read -r line; do
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if [[ "${line}" == /dev/* ]]; then
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systemd_nspawn_additional_args+=("--bind='${line}'")
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else
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systemd_nspawn_additional_args+=("--bind-ro='${line}'")
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fi
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done < <(nvidia-container-cli list)
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fi
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fi
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local args=()
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# Build the array of arguments
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local arg
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# Read each argument from a string with null character as delimiter
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# Append each argument, one at a time, to the array
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while IFS= read -rd '' arg; do [[ -n "${arg}" ]] && args+=("${arg}"); done < <(printf %s "${systemd_run_default_args}" | xargs printf '%s\0')
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# Append each element in systemd_run_additional_args to the args array
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args+=("${systemd_run_additional_args[@]}")
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# Add two more args to the array
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args+=(-- systemd-nspawn)
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# Append each argument, one at a time, to the array
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while IFS= read -rd '' arg; do [[ -n "${arg}" ]] && args+=("${arg}"); done < <(printf %s "${systemd_nspawn_default_args}" | xargs printf '%s\0')
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# Append each element in systemd_nspawn_additional_args to the args array
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args+=("${systemd_nspawn_additional_args[@]}")
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# Append each argument, one at a time, to the array
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while IFS= read -rd '' arg; do [[ -n "${arg}" ]] && args+=("${arg}"); done < <(printf %s "${systemd_nspawn_user_args}" | xargs printf '%s\0')
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# Concat all arguments in the array into a single space separated string,
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# but use %q to output each argument in a format that can be reused as shell input
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# This escapes special characters for us, which were 'lost' when xargs read the input above
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# https://ss64.com/bash/printf.html
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args_string="$(printf '%q ' "${args[@]}")"
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print
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print 'All the arguments to pass to systemd-run:'
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printf '%s' "${args_string}" | xargs -n 1
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print
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print 'Starting jail with the following command:'
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print
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print "systemd-run ${args_string}"
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print
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printf '%s' "${args_string}" | xargs systemd-run || {
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print
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error 'Failed to start the jail...'
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fail 'Please check and fix the config file with "nano '"${jail_config_path}"'".'
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}
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print
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print 'Check logging:'
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print "journalctl -u jlmkr-${jail_name}"
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print
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print 'Check status:'
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print "systemctl status jlmkr-${jail_name}"
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print
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print 'Stop the jail:'
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print "machinectl stop ${jail_name}"
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print
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print 'Get a shell:'
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print "machinectl shell ${jail_name}"
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}
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######################
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# CREATE FUNCTIONALITY
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######################
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cleanup() {
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# Remove the jail_path if it's a directory
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local jail_path="${1}"
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[[ -d "${jail_path}" ]] && print && print "Cleaning up: ${jail_path}" && rm -rf "${jail_path}"
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}
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validate_download_script() {
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print "6cca2eda73c7358c232fecb4e750b3bf0afa9636efb5de6a9517b7df78be12a4 ${1}" | sha256sum --check >/dev/null
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}
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create_jail() {
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print "${DISCLAIMER}"
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print
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local name_from_arg="${1}"
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local arch
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arch="$(dpkg --print-architecture)"
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local lxc_dir_path='.lxc'
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local lxc_cache_path="${lxc_dir_path}/cache"
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local lxc_download_script_path="${lxc_dir_path}/lxc-download.sh"
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[[ "$(basename "${SCRIPT_DIR_PATH}")" != 'jailmaker' ]] && {
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error "${SCRIPT_NAME} needs to create files."
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error 'Currently it can not decide if it is safe to create files in:'
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error "${SCRIPT_DIR_PATH}"
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fail "Please create a dedicated directory called 'jailmaker', store ${SCRIPT_NAME} there and try again."
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}
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local reply
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if [[ $(findmnt --target . --output TARGET --noheadings --first-only) != /mnt/* ]]; then
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print "${YELLOW}${BOLD}WARNING: BEWARE OF DATA LOSS${NORMAL}"
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print
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print "${SCRIPT_NAME} should be on a dataset mounted under /mnt (it currently isn't)."
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print 'Storing it on the boot-pool means losing all jails when updating TrueNAS.'
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print 'If you continue, jails will be stored under:'
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print "${SCRIPT_DIR_PATH}"
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print
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read -p "Do you wish to ignore this warning and continue? [y/N] " -n 1 -r reply && print
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# Enter accepts default (no)
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! [[ "${reply}" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]] && exit
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fi
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# Create the lxc dirs if nonexistent
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mkdir -p "${lxc_dir_path}"
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stat_chmod 700 "${lxc_dir_path}"
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mkdir -p "${lxc_cache_path}"
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stat_chmod 700 "${lxc_cache_path}"
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# Create the dir where to store the jails
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mkdir -p "${JAILS_DIR_PATH}"
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stat_chmod 700 "${JAILS_DIR_PATH}"
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# Fetch the lxc download script if not present locally (or hash doesn't match)
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if ! validate_download_script "${lxc_download_script_path}"; then
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curl -fSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Jip-Hop/lxc/58520263041b6864cadad96278848f9b8ce78ee9/templates/lxc-download.in -o "${lxc_download_script_path}"
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# Validate after download to prevent executing arbitrary code as root
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validate_download_script "${lxc_download_script_path}" || fail 'Abort! Downloaded script has unexpected contents.'
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fi
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stat_chmod 700 "${lxc_download_script_path}"
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local distro='debian' release='bullseye'
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read -p "Install the recommended distro (Debian 11)? [Y/n] " -n 1 -r reply && print
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if ! [[ "${reply}" =~ ^([Yy]|)$ ]]; then
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print
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print "${YELLOW}${BOLD}WARNING: ADVANCED USAGE${NORMAL}"
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print
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print 'You may now choose from a list which distro to install.'
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print "But not all of them will work with ${SCRIPT_NAME} since these images are made for LXC."
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print 'Distros based on systemd probably work (e.g. Ubuntu, Arch Linux and Rocky Linux).'
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print 'Others (Alpine, Devuan, Void Linux) probably will not.'
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print
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read -p "Press any key to continue: " -n 1 -r reply && print
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print
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LXC_CACHE_PATH=${lxc_cache_path} "${lxc_download_script_path}" --list --arch="${arch}" || :
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print
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print 'Choose from the DIST column.'
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print
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read -e -r -p "Distribution: " distro && print
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print 'Choose from the RELEASE column (or ARCH if RELEASE is empty).'
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print
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read -e -r -p "Release: " release
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fi
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print
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local jail_name jail_path
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while true; do
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read -e -r -p "Enter jail name: " -i "${name_from_arg}" jail_name && print
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if ! [[ "${jail_name}" =~ ^[.a-zA-Z0-9-]{1,64}$ && "${jail_name}" != '.'* && "${jail_name}" != *'.' && "${jail_name}" != *'..'* ]]; then
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cat <<-EOF
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${YELLOW}${BOLD}WARNING: INVALID NAME${NORMAL}
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A valid name consists of:
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- allowed characters (alphanumeric, dash, dot)
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- no leading or trailing dots
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- no sequences of multiple dots
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- max 64 characters
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EOF
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else
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jail_path="${JAILS_DIR_PATH}/${jail_name}"
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if [[ -e "${jail_path}" ]]; then
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print 'A jail with this name already exists.'
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print
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else
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# Accept the name
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break
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fi
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fi
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done
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# Cleanup on exit, but only once the jail_path is final
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# Otherwise we may cleanup the wrong directory
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trap 'cleanup "${jail_path}"' EXIT
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local docker_compatible gpu_passthrough systemd_nspawn_user_args
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print "Docker won't be installed by ${SCRIPT_NAME}."
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print 'But it can setup the jail with the capabilities required to run docker.'
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print 'You can turn DOCKER_COMPATIBLE mode on/off post-install.'
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print
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read -p "Make jail docker compatible right now? [y/N] " -n 1 -r reply && print
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# Enter accepts default (no)
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if ! [[ "${reply}" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then docker_compatible=0; else docker_compatible=1; fi
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print
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read -p "Give access to the GPU inside the jail? [y/N] " -n 1 -r reply && print
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# Enter accepts default (no)
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if ! [[ "${reply}" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then gpu_passthrough=0; else gpu_passthrough=1; fi
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print
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print "${YELLOW}${BOLD}WARNING: CHECK SYNTAX${NORMAL}"
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print
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print 'You may pass additional flags to systemd-nspawn.'
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print 'With incorrect flags the jail may not start.'
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print 'It is possible to correct/add/remove flags post-install.'
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print
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read -p "Show the man page for systemd-nspawn? [y/N] " -n 1 -r reply && print
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# Enter accepts default (no)
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if [[ "${reply}" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
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man systemd-nspawn
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else
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print
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print 'You may read the systemd-nspawn manual online:'
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print "https://manpages.debian.org/${distro}/systemd-container/systemd-nspawn.1.en.html"
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fi
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# Backslashes and colons need to be escaped in bind mount options:
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# e.g. to bind mount a file called:
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# weird chars :?\"
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# the corresponding command would be:
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# --bind-ro='/mnt/data/weird chars \:?\\"'
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print
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print 'For example to mount directories inside the jail you may add:'
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print '--bind=/mnt/a/readwrite/directory --bind-ro=/mnt/a/readonly/directory'
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print
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read -e -r -p "Additional flags: " systemd_nspawn_user_args && print
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# Create directory for rootfs
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JAIL_ROOTFS_PATH="${jail_path}/${JAIL_ROOTFS_NAME}"
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mkdir -p "${JAIL_ROOTFS_PATH}"
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local jail_config_path="${jail_path}/${JAIL_CONFIG_NAME}"
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# LXC download script needs to write to this file during install
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# but we don't need it so we will remove it later
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touch "${jail_config_path}"
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LXC_CACHE_PATH=${lxc_cache_path} "${lxc_download_script_path}" \
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--name="${jail_name}" --path="${jail_path}" --rootfs="${JAIL_ROOTFS_PATH}" \
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--arch="${arch}" --dist="${distro}" --release="${release}" ||
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fail 'Aborted creating rootfs...'
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print
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# Assuming the name of your jail is "myjail"
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# and "machinectl shell myjail" doesn't work
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# Try:
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#
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# Stop the jail with:
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# machinectl stop myjail
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# And start a shell inside the jail without the --boot option:
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# systemd-nspawn -q -D jails/myjail/rootfs /bin/sh
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# Then set a root password with:
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# In case of amazonlinux you may need to run:
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# yum update -y && yum install -y passwd
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# passwd
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# exit
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# Then you may login from the host via:
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# machinectl login myjail
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#
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# You could also enable SSH inside the jail to login
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#
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# Or if that doesn't work (e.g. for alpine) get a shell via:
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# nsenter -t $(machinectl show myjail -p Leader --value) -a /bin/sh -l
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# But alpine jails made with jailmaker have other issues
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# They don't shutdown cleanly via systemctl and machinectl...
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if [[ "$(basename "$(readlink -f "${JAIL_ROOTFS_PATH}/sbin/init")")" != systemd ]]; then
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print "${YELLOW}${BOLD}WARNING: DISTRO NOT SUPPORTED${NORMAL}"
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print
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print 'Chosen distro appears not to use systemd...'
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print
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print 'You probably will not get a shell with:'
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print "machinectl shell ${jail_name}"
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print
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print 'You may get a shell with this command:'
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# About nsenter:
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# shellcheck disable=SC2016
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print 'nsenter -t $(machinectl show '"${jail_name}"' -p Leader --value) -a /bin/sh -l'
|
|
print
|
|
print 'Read about the downsides of nsenter:'
|
|
print 'https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/12785#issuecomment-503019081'
|
|
print
|
|
print "${BOLD}Using this distro with ${SCRIPT_NAME} is NOT recommended.${NORMAL}"
|
|
print
|
|
read -p "Abort creating jail? [Y/n] " -n 1 -r reply && print
|
|
# Enter accepts default (yes)
|
|
[[ "${reply}" =~ ^([Yy]|)$ ]] && exit
|
|
print
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
# Config which systemd handles for us
|
|
rm -f "${JAIL_ROOTFS_PATH}/etc/machine-id"
|
|
rm -f "${JAIL_ROOTFS_PATH}/etc/resolv.conf"
|
|
# https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/852
|
|
printf 'pts/%d\n' $(seq 0 10) >"${JAIL_ROOTFS_PATH}/etc/securetty"
|
|
|
|
local network_dir_path="${JAIL_ROOTFS_PATH}/etc/systemd/network/"
|
|
|
|
# Check destination directory exists
|
|
if [[ -d "${network_dir_path}" ]]; then
|
|
local default_host0_network_file="${JAIL_ROOTFS_PATH}/lib/systemd/network/80-container-host0.network"
|
|
|
|
# Check if default host0 network file exists
|
|
if [[ -f "${default_host0_network_file}" ]]; then
|
|
local override_network_file="${network_dir_path}/80-container-host0.network"
|
|
|
|
# Override the default 80-container-host0.network file (by using the same name)
|
|
# This config applies when using the --network-bridge option of systemd-nspawn
|
|
# Disable LinkLocalAddressing or else the container won't get IP address via DHCP
|
|
sed 's/LinkLocalAddressing=yes/LinkLocalAddressing=no/g' <"${default_host0_network_file}" >"${override_network_file}"
|
|
# Enable DHCP only for ipv4 else systemd-networkd will complain that LinkLocalAddressing is disabled
|
|
sed -i 's/DHCP=yes/DHCP=ipv4/g' "${override_network_file}"
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
# Setup DHCP for macvlan network interfaces
|
|
# This config applies when using the --network-macvlan option of systemd-nspawn
|
|
# https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch05.en.html#_the_modern_network_configuration_without_gui
|
|
cat <<-'EOF' >"${network_dir_path}/mv-dhcp.network"
|
|
[Match]
|
|
Virtualization=container
|
|
Name=mv-*
|
|
|
|
[Network]
|
|
DHCP=ipv4
|
|
LinkLocalAddressing=no
|
|
|
|
[DHCPv4]
|
|
UseDNS=true
|
|
UseTimezone=true
|
|
EOF
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
# Use mostly default settings for systemd-nspawn but with systemd-run instead of a service file:
|
|
# https://github.com/systemd/systemd/blob/main/units/systemd-nspawn%40.service.in
|
|
# Use TasksMax=infinity since this is what docker does:
|
|
# https://github.com/docker/engine/blob/master/contrib/init/systemd/docker.service
|
|
|
|
# Use SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_LOCK=0: otherwise jail won't start jail after a shutdown (but why?)
|
|
# Would give "directory tree currently busy" error and I'd have to run
|
|
# `rm /run/systemd/nspawn/locks/*` and remove the .lck file from jail_path
|
|
# Disabling locking isn't a big deal as systemd-nspawn will prevent starting a container
|
|
# with the same name anyway: as long as we're starting jails using this script,
|
|
# it won't be possible to start the same jail twice
|
|
|
|
local systemd_run_default_args=(--property=KillMode=mixed --property=Type=notify --property=RestartForceExitStatus=133
|
|
--property=SuccessExitStatus=133 --property=Delegate=yes --property=TasksMax=infinity --collect
|
|
--setenv=SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_LOCK=0)
|
|
|
|
local systemd_nspawn_default_args=(--keep-unit --quiet --boot)
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
print "DOCKER_COMPATIBLE=${docker_compatible}"
|
|
print "GPU_PASSTHROUGH=${gpu_passthrough}"
|
|
print "SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USER_ARGS=${systemd_nspawn_user_args}"
|
|
print
|
|
print '# You generally will not need to change the options below'
|
|
print "SYSTEMD_RUN_DEFAULT_ARGS=${systemd_run_default_args[*]}"
|
|
print "SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_DEFAULT_ARGS=${systemd_nspawn_default_args[*]}"
|
|
} >"${jail_config_path}"
|
|
|
|
chmod 600 "${jail_config_path}"
|
|
|
|
# Remove the cleanup trap on exit
|
|
trap - EXIT
|
|
print 'Done creating the jail.'
|
|
print
|
|
read -p "Start the jail now? [Y/n] " -n 1 -r reply && print
|
|
# Enter accepts default (yes)
|
|
if [[ "${reply}" =~ ^([Yy]|)$ ]]; then
|
|
start_jail "${jail_name}"
|
|
else
|
|
print
|
|
print 'Skipped starting jail.'
|
|
fi
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
#######################
|
|
# COMMAND LINE HANDLING
|
|
#######################
|
|
|
|
case "${1-""}" in
|
|
|
|
'')
|
|
read -p "Create a new jail? [Y/n] " -n 1 -r reply && print
|
|
print
|
|
# Enter accepts default (yes)
|
|
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/1885534
|
|
if [[ "${reply}" =~ ^([Yy]|)$ ]]; then
|
|
create_jail ""
|
|
else
|
|
|
|
print "${USAGE}"
|
|
fi
|
|
;;
|
|
|
|
create)
|
|
create_jail "${2-""}"
|
|
;;
|
|
|
|
start)
|
|
start_jail "${2-""}"
|
|
;;
|
|
|
|
*)
|
|
print "${USAGE}"
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|